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Galileo Galilei and His Epoch
Bartošová, Tereza ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
This thesis deals with the personality and life of the Tuscan Renaissance scientist Galileo Galilei, a time in which he lived, and his relationship with the Catholic Church. The aim of the thesis is to acquaint the reader with the life of Galileo Galilei and Renaissance society, and thus capture important moments and influences that shaped Galileo's personality and life orientation. The thesis is divided into three main chapters. The first part deals with the Renaissance period and the related European Reformation. It focuses on the Renaissance in Italy, then education, religious situation and seeing the world. The second chapter is dedicated to Galileo's biography, with regard to his work and then researchers who were with Galileo joint activity. The last part refers to the religious situation of 16th to 17th century, considering the Council of Trent, the Roman Inquisition and the cosmology of how the people regarded it in antiquity and later the Catholic Church and scientists in the early modern period. This part especially illustrates the conflict Galileo and the Church. It describes the reasons of the conflict, the trial of Galileo and the consequences that flowed from it. The thesis is supplemented with events after Galileo's death. The conclusion summarizes the most important influences that...
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Il Principe of Niccolo Machiavelli
Matloňová, Veronika ; Pelán, Jiří (advisor) ; Žáčková, Magdalena (referee)
The aim of this work is to present Italian writer Niccolo Machiavelli and his two works: the political treatise Il Principe (The Prince) and comedy La Mandragola (Mandragora). Introduction will describe the history of Italy in the sixteenth century, with a focus on events in the Florentine Republic, which had the influence on the life of the author. In the bibliographic section Machiavelli's personal and professional life will be chronologically portrayed as well as his literary and dramatic works. Other chapters are devoted to individual works. The first analysis deals with the political treatise of Il Principe (The Prince), political ideas that work contains and historical context in which the work was created. The second analysis, La Mandragola (Mandragora), deals with the topic and describes the nature of the political comedy. In conclusion I compare the works, find correlations and differences between public and private area and summarize the author's intention for creation of these works.
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